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Stationary Steam Engines

Fairground engines, pumping engines

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Stationary Steam Engines
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Titles to Look Out For:
[in alphabetical order]
1958. The Crofton Pumping Engines, Savernake: An illustrated account of two engines, one of which may well be the oldest surviving steam engine in commercial service in the world by C. P. Weaver
1972 (and later editions). Fairground Steam by Anthony Beaumont
1929 and later eds. Model Steam Turbines: How to Design and Build Them By H. H. Harrison

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The Crofton Pumping Engines, Savernake: An illustrated account of two engines, one of which may well be the oldest surviving steam engine in commercial service in the world by C. P. Weaver. Sorry, sold out, but click image to access prebuilt search for this title on Amazon
1958, The Railway Enthusiasts' Club
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  • The Crofton Pumping Engines, Savernake: An illustrated account of two engines, one of which may well be the oldest surviving steam engine in commercial service in the world [top]
    Written by C. P. and C. R. Weaver
    First published in 1958 in Great Britain by The Railway Enthusiasts' Club, Farnborough Hants, in paperback, staple binding, 12pp
    Frank Riley, Esq., Editor of 'The Meccano Magazine' loaned to the writers the blocks of photographs of the engines
    H. A. Vallance Esq., of the Railway Magazine loaned blocks of the photos of the railways in the Savernake area
    T. B. Sands gave permission for his photos of the railways at Savernake to be used
    F. G. B. Clayton Esq., divisional engineer of British Waterways gave technical information concerning the engines
    R. J. Davies, Esq., Hon. Secretary of the Kennet and Avon Canal Association gave information concerning the canal

About the Book: The booklet was published in March 1958 to mark a visit by the members of the Railway Enthusiasts' Club to the Crofton Engines, when the British Transport Commission specially started the engines up for the benefit of the visiting enthusiasts.

Contents: Containing maps, photos and data, this book is about the two Crofton Pumping Engines of Savernake. It gives some details about the Kennet and Avon canals, such as how many locks and the history and includes a map alongside. Then it goes on to cover the Crofton Pumping Station itself, what it did (i.e. raised water from Wilton Water to the top of the Kennet and Avon Canal) and the engines, their manufacture (No 1 by James Watt, B'ham; and No. 2 by Messrs N. Harvey & Sons, Cornwall), and how they worked

Beaumont, Anthony. 'Fairground Steam', published by Model & Allied Publications in 1972, 96pp, No ISBN. Condition: Very good, nice, clean copy. Price: £10.00, not including p&p, which is Amazon's standard charge (currently £2.75 for UK buyers, more for overseas customers)
1972, Model & Allied Publications
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  • Fairground Steam [top]
    Written by Anthony Beaumont
    First published in 1972 in Great Britain by Model & Allied Publications, paperback, 96pp, no ISBN

About the Book: Probably the first thing to strike the reader about this book is the profuse amount of well-captioned photographs and drawings, all of which are fascinating in themselves, for example, see the photo on page 55 where early Burrell double crank compound engine No. 1999 'Victoria' is stuck in the mud on Neath fairground in 1898 and has a whole horde of people trying to pull her out.
The book concentrates on the history behind the different types of engines employed in fairgrounds such as centre engines, platform rides and gallopers, steam yachts, etc. This is a very practical way of organising the book and presenting the reader with a mixture of interesting facts and more technical data. However, the book could have made a lot more of the families behind the push to use steam in fairgrounds and put a lot more focus into the history of such families and their companies. For example it would have been interesting to hear a lot more about Burrell's, Fosters and Fowlers; and the conflicts between Frederick Savage and Robert Tidman with his two sons Robert and Frederick.
[Frederick Savage is the man who observed the first recorded employment of steam on a roundabout at the Aylsham fair by Sydney George Soame in the mid-1860s and took the idea further]
Overall, this is a worthy and detailed read that should allow the casual reader plenty of enjoyment with the mixture of photos and useful facts; and which will please the reader who wants to delve into a lot more detail

Chapters:
List of illustrations
The First Steam Rides
Centre Engines
Development of the 'Gallopers'
Platform Rides and Switchbacks
Electric Light Engines
Steam Yachts
Steam Swings
Razzle Dazzles
Tunnel Railways
The Edwardian Fairground
Scenic Railways
Scenic Railway Dimensions
Showmans Road Locomotives
Scenic Engines
Traction Engine Centres
F. Savage's Annular Compound Showmans Engines
Haulage and Some Final Details
Retirement and Retrospect
Appendix

Index to Pictures:
1. F. Savage's double Velocipedes, c. .1872
2. F. Savage's duplex switchback centre engine, c. 1882
3. F. Savage's c engine No. 264 in 3-abreast, 1969
4. F. Savage's platform slide patent, 1891
5. Reynolds & King double crank patent, 1885
6. Savage c engine No. 872, Bridgwater, 1943
7. Savage 4-abreast, 1900, Skegness, 1971
8. 4-abreast cars and horses, Earls Court, 1906
9. Flying aeroplanes, Pontypool, 1912
10. Savage colonial racing horses, c. 1900
11. Savage 3-abreast ponies, Whittlesey, 1909
12. 4-abreast, Bollington, 1909
13. 3-abreast, Nottingham, 1948
14. Savage 3-abreast. St. Giles, Oxford, 1969
15. Savage 3-abreast. Kegworth, 1967
16. Motor car switchback, Manchester, 1909
17. Stratford-on-Avon fair, 1897
18. Savage platform galloping cockerels, c. 1885
19. Savage Venetian gondolas erecting, King's Lynn, 1890
20. Savage Gondola switchback, King's Lynn, 1890
21. Gondolas-G. Green, c.1900
22. Aspland's gondolas-P. Cole, Bridgwater, 1941
23. Savage gondolas, Cambridge 1908
24. Gondola set travelling, Newport Pagnell, 1912
25. Savage gondolas, Lynn Mart, 1912
26. Savage Sea-on-Land Yachts, Newcastle, 1913
27. Savage 'electric light' engine, c. 1892
28. Savage e l. engine No. 537, new 1891
29. Bioscope showfront with e l engine, 1896
30. Bioscope showfronts, Nottingham, 1911
31. Foster e l engine No. 3643 in 1960
32. Robey e l engine No. 13331, 1892
33. Savage e l engine No. 761, 1900
34. Details of Savage No. 761
35. Bioscope showfront, 1911
35A. Bioscope electrograph show front, c. 1910
36. Savage steam yachts
37. Steam yacht engine, Bury 1949
38. Steam yacht erecting, Nottingham, 1953
39. Steamswings, Huddersfield, 1938
40. Savage aerial novelty, new, Lynn, c. 1905
41. Savage tunnel railway locomotive, c. 1905
42. Fowler railway tunnel, new 1895
43. Nottingham Goose Fair
44. Scenic Whale, Lynn Mart, 1923
45. Gaudin 112 Key organ in whales
46. Scenic whales, Lynn Mart, 1923
47. Dragon and peacock scenic, Hull, 1948
48. Savage scenic motors, Hastings, 1937
49. Scenic railway erecting
50. Scenic railway erecting, Liverpool, 1945
51. Burrell No. 4021 'Lord Curzon'
52. 98 Key Marenghi organ for 1913 scenic railway
53. Dragon scenic, Manchester, 1916
54. Dolphin scenic, Newcastle, 1926
55. Burrell No. 3865 'No. 1', Nottingham 1953
56. Burrell No. 2723 'Bristol City, Bridgwater, 1909'
57. Burrell No. 1999 'Victoria', Neath, 1898
58. Burrell No. 2126 'City of Southampton', c. 1905
59. Burrell 'Bristol City' with loads, Knighton, 1912
60. Burrell tractor-horse steered, c. 1908
61. Burrell No. 1740 'Cornishman', Penzance, 1908
62. Burrell No. 3404 'Kathleen Mary', Hull, 1912
63. Burrell No. 1470 'Pride of the South', No. 1909 'Majestic', c. 1901
64. A Burrell showmans locomotive, 1904 period
65. Burrell No. 1993 'Diamond Queen', Slaithwaite, 1907
66. Burrell No. 2868 'Lusitania', c.1907
67. Burrell No. 3279 'Prince Albert', Thetford, 1911
68. Burrell No. 2796 'John Bull', Thetford, 1906
69. Fowler No. 5348 'Star of the West', Leeds, 1886
70. Fowler No. 7036 'Sunny Boy II', Leeds, 1893
71. Burrell No. 2780 'King Edward VII', Thetford, 1919
72. Burrell tractor, Thetford, 1910
73. Fowler No. 11846 'Lord James', Bishop Auckland
74. Burrell No. 2651 'Challenger', Shirebrook, 1911
75. Fowler No. 15116 'Bertha' in 1947 (painting)
76. Fowler No. 4922 'Whirligig' engine, Leeds, 1885
77. Savage No. 730 traction/Centre engine 'Empress', 1898
78. Savage No. 728 t/c engine 'Enterprise', 1898
79. Burrell No. 1908, Thetford (?), 1911
80. Allchin showmans engine, c. 1895
81. Wallis & Steevens tractor No. 7531, Limerick, 1915
82. Wallis & Steevens No. 2643 'Royal John', 1904
83. 'Royal John' at Basingstoke, 1903/4
84. Wallis & Steevens No. 2338 'Hero', Basingstoke, 1896
85. Wallis & Steevens No. 2328 'Bluebeard', Basingstoke, 1895
86. Burrell No. 3285 'King George V', Olney, Bucks, 1912
87. Burrell No. 2780 'King Edward VII, c, 1932
88. Fowler No. 19782 'The Lion', Leeds, 1932
89. Fowler No. 19783 'King Carnival II', Leeds, 1932
90. Fowler No. 20223 'Supreme' , Leeds, 1934
91. Burrell (Garrett built) No. 4092 'Simplicity', Leiston, 1930
92. Burrell No. 3995 'Wandering Willie', c. 1928
93. Burrell No. 3968 'The Whale', c. 1930
94. Burrell No. 3827 'Victory', Lynn Mart, 1939
95. Burrell No. 3694 'Lord Fisher', Richmond, 1940
96. Fowler No. 7412 with loads, Holbeck Moor, 1895
97. Burrell No. 4030 'The Dolphin', c. 1930
98. Foster Class LR showmans locomotive, period 1920
99. Foster 5 NHP showmans locomotive, period 1920
100. Burrell No. 3887 'Prince of Wales', mid-1930s
101. McLaren No. 1623 10 NHP 'Goliath', Birmingham, c. 1952
102. Burrell No. 3849 'Marshal Foch', c. 1968
103. Burrell No. 2979/3038 'Prince', Brickfield, Lancs., 1933
104. Foster No. 14381 'Queen Mary' with loads, Amersham, 1936
105. Burrell No. 2804 'The Griffin', Birmingham, c. 1952
106. Burrells Nos. 2877, 3878, 2879, 'His Majesty', 'Island Chief', 'Princess Royal', East Raynham, Norfolk, 1964

The History of Fairgrounds

Showman's Engines:
Harrison, H. H. 'Model Steam Turbines: How To Design and Build Them. With 70 Illustrations', published in 1994 as a reprint in paperback by TEE Publishing, 64pp, ISBN 185761075X. Sorry, out of stock, but click image to access prebuilt search for this title on Amazon!
1994 reprint, TEE Publishing, pbk
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Contents/Synopsis: The steam turbine has many advantages over the older rival, the reciprocating steam engine, and in terms of modelling, it has a high output to weight ratio with a low centre of gravity. These two attributes together make it an ideal power engine for high speed craft. This book lays out the principles of steam turbine design; accompanied by built or conceptual examples (most of these taken from the magazine 'Model Engineer'.

Chapters:
1. General Considerations
2. Pressure Developed on Surfaces By An Impinging Jet. Velocity and Flow of Steam Through Orifices
3. Method of Designing A De Laval Steam Turbine
4. Complete Designs for Del Laval Turbines. Method of Making Vanes. Shrouding
5. The Theory of Multiple Stage Turbines

Illustrations:
Fig 1. Simple Impulse Wheel
Fig 2. Hero's Reaction Engine
Figures 3 & 4 illustrate the mass-velocity-push/impulse P equation.
Fig. 5. Variations of Efficiency with Different Speeds
Fig. 6. Action of Curved Blades
Fig. 7. Variations of Pressure on Blades with Different Speeds
Fig. 8. illustrates a tank in which the water is kept at a constant level
Fig. 9. illustrates how steam can be "seen" to be a layer acting as a perfectly free piston to the steam behind it.
Fig. 10. An indicator diagram to evaluate the work done by steam in expanding from one pressure to another. Fig. 10 shows work done by one lb. of steam
Fig. 11. A De Laval Nozzle
Fig. 12. Difference between Simple Orifice and Taper Nozzle
Fig. 12A. Steam passed per hour per square inch for different Boiler Pressures
Fig. 13. Graphic of conically expanding taper of the nozzle in a De Laval Steam Turbine (should have a taper of 1 in 12)
Fig. 14. A piece of brass rod screwed to take a standard union and bored to 1/16 inch nearly the whole way down
Fig. 15. Illustrates in plan the nozzle in a De Laval Steam Turbine and a portion of the turbine wheel. The Diagram of velocity are set out in the upper portion of the drawing
Fig. 16. Compound reduction gear
Fig. 17. Formation of Blades
Figures 18 & 19: Design for De Laval Wheel - section and elevation
Figures 20 & 21: Alternative Design for De Laval Wheel - section and elevation
Fig. 22. Sketches of Blades for Alternative Design
Fig. 23. Sketch of Blade in Position
Fig. 24. Shows an ingenious method of forming the vanes and wheel out of one disc of brass: a series of holes are drilled round the disc and radial cuts are made outwards to the edge, etc.
Fig. 25. Illustration from the author showing how you can allow the pitch to be reduced while keeping the blades the same width
Figures 26 and 27 are sections of the prize design in the competition instituted by 'The Model Engineer' magazine for a Model Steam Turbine. 26 shows the longitudinal section; 27 the cross section.
Fig. 28. Dimension and appearance of the wheel - also shown in 26.
Fig. 29. Boss of wheel
Fig. 30. Detail of nozzle
Fig. 31. Ends of turbine casing
Fig. 32. Plan of Turbine
Fig. 33. Oil Bath Casing
Fig. 34. Bearing for countershaft
Fig. 35. Fixing Blades
Fig. 36. Sketch showing Method of Fixing Blades
Fig. 37. Design for Model De Laval by the Rev. W. Bredin Naylor
Fig. 38. End view of the Rev. W. Bredin Naylor's turbine
Fig. 39. Wheel of the same machine
Figures 40 - 42 -gives dimensions of the vanes
Fig. 43. Photograph of the Reverend W. Bredin Naylor's Model Steam Turbine
Fig. 44. Wheel spindle and bearings in the Reverend W. Bredin Naylor's Finished Model
Fig. 45. Design fo larger De Laval Type Turbine. Longitudinal section
Fig. 46. Nozzles of a turbine designed to produce anything up to 5 horsepower
Fig. 47. Design for larger De Laval Type Turbine. Longitudinal section (half full size)
Fig. 48. Enlarged drawing of Blades (Elevation)
Fig. 48A. Enlarged Drawing of Blades (Plan)
Fig. 49. Governor
Fig. 50. Elevation of a Model Steam Turbine, showing the Reduction Gear
Figures 51 and 52: the gearing: friction gears formed of plain bevel wheels. 51 shows a plan of the turbine and its gear. 52, the method of curving the blades.
Fig. 53. Tool for forming blades
Fig. 54. Sketch showing how Annular Cutting Tool limits the Depth of the Blade
Fig. 55. Improved Cutter
Fig. 56. Diagram showing how the Improved Cutter Forms the Blades
Fig. 57. Method of using Improved Cutter
Fig. 58. Another arrangement for cutting Steam Turbine Blades
Fig. 59. Another method of making blades
Fig. 60. End view
Fig. 61. Packing Disc
Fig. 62. Expanded Plan of Blades
Fig. 63. Another Form of Blade
Fig. 64. Diagram showing best form of blade
Fig. 65. Method of making shrouding
Fig. 66. "Buffer" device fitted between the turbine and the propeller shaft
Fig. 67. Diagram illustrating work done by "Staging" in steam turbines
Fig. 68. Is a picture (not very clear) of a turbine constructed by the Rev. Bredin Naylor where the steam is fully expanded by the nozzle and is then sent into the wheel several times before being exhausted
Fig. 69. Shows how the piping from boiler to turbines and pump is laid out for the model mentioned in Fig. 68.
Fig. 70. Shows the arrangement of the three turbines

Tables:
1. Gauge pressure in lbs. per sq. in. against velocity of steam at throat of nozzle against terminal velocity
2. Gauge pressure in lbs. per sq. in. against weight of steam passed per second per sq. in. in lbs against area of discharge end of nozzle in square inches
3. Volume of Steam from 1 Cubic Inch of Water. Gauge pressure in lbs per square inch against cubic inches and cubic feet
4. Gives the particulars of areas and diameters and lengths of the nozzle in a De Laval Steam Turbine. Because of the small quantity of steam available, the dimensions are extremely minute. Gauge pressure of 15 - 80 lbs is given against diameters and areas in both the throat and final . Length in inches is the final column
5. Gives the peripheral speeds at 2000 and 3000 rpm respectively of wheels of from 2 in. to 5 in. diameter for the Rateau type multi-stage turbine
6. Table 6 gives the steam velocities for varying ratios of expansion with regard to the Rateau type multi-stage turbine

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